![日常生活中的发明原理](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/898/22739898/b_22739898.jpg)
第1部分 TRIZ发明原理入门
发明方法要符合科学,
而且必须符合科学。
——TRIZ首创者 根里奇·阿奇舒勒
TRIZ发明原理
TRIZ发明原理是什么?
TRIZ意为“创造性解决问题的理论”,是一个目前仍在继续发展的庞大的理论体系。本书所介绍的“发明原理”为TRIZ的原点,同时也是其他所有理论的基础。
正如前言介绍的,这些发明原理是在研究了大量专利的基础上创立的。
阿奇舒勒曾经是苏联专利审查员,在接触大量专利的过程中,他注意到了一个现象:在不同领域里,相同的问题和相同的解决方法总是会反复出现。
此外,阿奇舒勒还注意到了另一个事实:某个领域最近才获得解决的问题当中,其实有九成都已经在其他领域得到了解决。
所以阿奇舒勒最终提出了“解决问题的通用流程”。
面对有待解决的问题,人们有时可以根据过去已经解决的类似问题及其解决方法,顺利地类推出解决方法。
擅长解决问题的人,很多都是善于对过去解决过的问题进行引申的人。
不过,这样的话,要擅长解决问题,就要先解决过很多问题。这一点对我们来说,恐怕有点难。
此时可以用到TRIZ的发明原理。因为这些原理就是解决问题的通用流程,是从一个个具体问题的解决方法中提炼出来的。
也就是说,世界上数不胜数的“具体的解决方法”,都可以归结到这区区40个普遍性原理当中。
把这些原理作为解决问题的线索,既可以获得其他领域的新知识,同时还可以获得如何重新组合已有要素的重要启示。
本书从下一页开始,介绍了从“#1分割原理”到“#40复合材料原理”的内容。随着序号增大,发明原理逐渐从较为抽象的内容过渡到具体的解决方法。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0001.jpg?sign=1738905880-ga8IpjSDpO585u63NwQWGX52fhINP3Hd-0-77decf46849c154ac97165062d3863fd)
1分割原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0002.jpg?sign=1738905880-ofjUdW3svIURZve3oGUfhIgCoKrX9GSa-0-053fcabbc3dadf495ddfb70749fa87c3)
2分离原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0003.jpg?sign=1738905880-XYtgko6NPCtuPbJjkTKU4b8dVM3Alea8-0-e6df460207b3066eee83247ca0faa162)
3局部质量原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0004.jpg?sign=1738905880-AoqQowaQJ1Zz9BzlVAP3IXfR0fX0W51H-0-ce51d4970701eb8129e9f262343c0540)
4非对称原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0005.jpg?sign=1738905880-ezqF0fy31nA2UjQZC5pdiIHYPOp6rKI8-0-d2ab03b9dc45b8e8060404daaa1d3f18)
5合并原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0006.jpg?sign=1738905880-fegg46rlL6haxfyQoBrKJuMr7yuH0Xsu-0-09e2c2bdc89d7b6720cdbe96f2b084f3)
6普遍性原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0007.jpg?sign=1738905880-ky6DgAg1w4iIfakkjyVpQG6v3kxxDOka-0-6b730107c70f87e41c024cb0e80bfb97)
7嵌套原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0008.jpg?sign=1738905880-f87EqhxWhekCxFkoofaixlu2wSiDNz8b-0-c9d709102823129ad169eae1c0ff53a7)
8配重原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0009.jpg?sign=1738905880-vc6vuXAlG2ch7FCR49Y3FIDaUxNKAKPO-0-85292cf097cc8ae5d43e0b8f791fa6b5)
9预先反作用原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0010.jpg?sign=1738905880-adDMyERjAcy2qi1efjKINWDt6Ewf51Ls-0-ea90cac3076ae2caab363e63577acdcc)
10预先作用原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0011.jpg?sign=1738905880-OouQnnjPVRjRnPHYItYnLJUviL4V4RsN-0-01d14fd41d0a7fcc82b8f577eb8c7f16)
11预先防护原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0012.jpg?sign=1738905880-oYidVUFT3CvQy9S3QTgY9qKvzS7MIwF6-0-67595132b1a054786ea0bb9c9c13455b)
12等势原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0013.jpg?sign=1738905880-WUumdg6Us2sTLBA6AyAO7NynAhSjUCwl-0-a0eb1d90983ac15cc863287fc9c0e568)
13逆向思维原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0014.jpg?sign=1738905880-tmQ3OAmBNBr800JWlplsDuoxWI3RubGz-0-f2905e7837641d931ebb9c3d28eff520)
14曲面化原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0015.jpg?sign=1738905880-EqU2HinWYd4JbApJZhtXFZ0liUDH9hVa-0-fd5c1e49254908e390538b6788e7f299)
15动态化原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0016.jpg?sign=1738905880-Su6jr4Ar3TzPQlRps4mCr2TrEtC5Y7n0-0-da5faa7b1ae073d1da094340a5801aef)
16不足或超额行动原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0017.jpg?sign=1738905880-9ej2NkIGhiFTkTkdIzmHPjBvVUQQzmgP-0-f8b44aa6e0d169c8d1721ad8b5e2ab99)
17维数变化原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0018.jpg?sign=1738905880-T3IH6nprFOy8ycBL5kcr0c4Cs2JGmmz4-0-1f8df73e2e053d5c504d3d6aab8c16e3)
18机械振动原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0019.jpg?sign=1738905880-nm84RAciLv6zyfKUBAwCHLzACYxryXTd-0-666b832a194c97295b75e5fc9100db4a)
19周期性动作原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0013_0020.jpg?sign=1738905880-ns4JYfYQSOu5ntJdnEaOuBU4u7zvnATx-0-679d49e58e54afe410dcc9b52921a4ad)
20连续性原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0001.jpg?sign=1738905880-GngQvRrA1a8glPFA2BkbgqkKWvRCU5cC-0-60d6d6887eb4e4e5f8bd44eae63e8d5b)
21高速运行原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0002.jpg?sign=1738905880-bfK2MsbuFp5A7VlhCLpXoqVg9vtUnRkM-0-446e7461d4e35726b4802da61d62c710)
22变害为利原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0003.jpg?sign=1738905880-LzeodZU6idAFcRuNLYnU7R75a6kQY60T-0-1a5da3eb7dc0df8dc6a2a406224eb1c5)
23反馈原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0004.jpg?sign=1738905880-rCLDChq3D9JyVB8oMm2FqOC29gBwaaEj-0-feb5158a7a9ef8013079559271903d34)
24中介原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0005.jpg?sign=1738905880-u6Le2Jn4Q9lzBFDI5joUTrnucyzsFLyZ-0-6efdd097642660f777e093fba2ffce7f)
25自服务原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0006.jpg?sign=1738905880-Eg9ckZMqHVhq8Je3RICBbNzCAQJNa1Nr-0-c31915a491514d47d716450b4c734db6)
26替代原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0007.jpg?sign=1738905880-XFAGa0HtqCGHoq1AvJ9f3IyMgBFADgUu-0-a999058fa5262fcf112acb7b59f5b64f)
27一次性用品原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0008.jpg?sign=1738905880-OH9I1vgTVJA8ePKiL5zuagTFwLqSQnNZ-0-12788f4c30974a38435d38dfb7e470e6)
28机械系统的替代原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0009.jpg?sign=1738905880-ENOMlI5995pf8J1oDIYFXtBEIcerk8XN-0-a03aa59f62aa7044d4897f549ac0c5bc)
29流体作用原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0010.jpg?sign=1738905880-HjXhHlqCoVF1JBunGVXRFwraKnOcFH75-0-69a1843670c89df502cc3123ae14b603)
30薄膜原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0011.jpg?sign=1738905880-GKY3Fn2PIW8IRADMx7FnCtIfGd5WHUpS-0-40f46b8cb4592bb1d79a1fa594e29166)
31多孔材料原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0012.jpg?sign=1738905880-t9PXw6aIxozNE3HF6NXrmAGJA2lBTmrP-0-ededd0559eaedb34adb34b8a1d2202c0)
32改变颜色原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0013.jpg?sign=1738905880-qojojcyjShdtZ1WGRiVFWYUNyuFqRNn6-0-1c3b6e850f90e7be6e32fec069976d50)
33同质性原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0014.jpg?sign=1738905880-qBr08cS6icNSIdYmHxq3TrnFDzpPWG3y-0-4ae98e62d8d177faf61548a4a73dc65b)
34抛弃或再生原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0015.jpg?sign=1738905880-X1FV8ItGG7eGnA6xE25CnMJZSdQe4eoe-0-bf48fbcabed56c6afa99d0b44a764e66)
35参数变化原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0016.jpg?sign=1738905880-GB6k1AZZkhYqObkDpgi4Tp2JWuuaPRLN-0-ba00d017ab46e17885bd47e7a8dd6eb7)
36相变原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0017.jpg?sign=1738905880-brjVomMKlGyiKiQxxyZmxgt91WceMPBD-0-cb2586d84140524a1c19e2cd4bec8a0e)
37 热膨胀原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0018.jpg?sign=1738905880-AojR5kXxsZjjI6vkMYYjp1dlsc29KoP2-0-661e1caab80fa864ae8fe1c882bed3fa)
38加速氧化原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0019.jpg?sign=1738905880-yaBUNczrkj1pwLZFHk1F4GdXYPSZapOw-0-e648857b885bc1e3ca0c7d4cd90265dc)
39惰性环境原理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/5F4475/11307641103128606/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0014_0020.jpg?sign=1738905880-w7UmwuZZ8QdRD0SzdMQ1Y3jnaf5xI9dO-0-0e8263c8cf349572b5fd6052157a41f8)
40复合材料原理