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3.7 上机实训一——绘制扳手零件图
本例通过绘制扳手零件的轮廓图,对本章重点知识进行综合练习和巩固应用。扳手零件的最终绘制效果如图3-82所示。操作步骤如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_325.jpg?sign=1738914910-OBbXjj2C187SB5gaDaiw0iQt5dyZDVNU-0-f365f9868ebdb9bb0744785a20378405)
图3-82 最终绘制效果
单击“快速访问”工具栏→“新建”按钮
,快速创建公制单位的空白文件。
启用对象捕捉和对象捕捉追踪功能,并设置捕捉模式,如图3-83所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_329.jpg?sign=1738914910-ONaKkOWuJBY6ht0xu9Wg3x5BVlMrurmL-0-3a87b1b98f7a1e3512df759f4d045d8b)
图3-83 设置捕捉追踪
执行“中心缩放”命令,将当前的视窗高度调整为70,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_331.jpg?sign=1738914910-c8cwO42Fwg59gHgdIHbokf6uDbK5q1aq-0-0c9e8a3ec7ba9f440d50068f6e4c7a27)
单击“默认”选项卡→“绘图”面板→“正多边形”按钮
,执行“正多边形”命令,绘制边长为6的正八边形,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_334.jpg?sign=1738914910-sLTfmvJXSs5rgd7yessYRJueSO0Ch5xf-0-7afaaff003165c7c9fdd223727544c9e)
正八边形绘制结果如图3-84所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_335.jpg?sign=1738914910-8q0cCeBeX1a5N4Tly5pJ40zm3AoQOB73-0-62dc51bb78abafbd21d91205c121ffd7)
图3-84 正八边形绘制结果
使用快捷键C激活“圆”命令,以正八边形的中心点作为圆心,绘制直径为20的圆,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_337.jpg?sign=1738914910-8Kjqh8c2AGkTQhTpXmAjJLy4lD8fb7eI-0-dbe7db7c3302fe0fd0ea5b619aa58d2c)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_338.jpg?sign=1738914910-W7Ab8CdG9ouRxj2XOs7KRspIwk3CMFO3-0-4031a7cf8e2d111ecf37cb53710eadf7)
图3-85 引出追踪虚线
绘制结果如图3-86所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_339.jpg?sign=1738914910-oY1TtZzUyaxCSNunlSeWDE5uBhX692BK-0-e3b24a221b124c9ca79cfb32d2a46fdc)
图3-86 绘制结果
按Enter键,重复执行“圆”命令,配合“捕捉自”功能绘制两个直径为10的圆,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_341.jpg?sign=1738914910-hmxUhOL2uke46BD8cfz7JZmpip8G1wOR-0-24f8f342b368a58ef3e67150caf76ca2)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_342.jpg?sign=1738914910-ubVTYJpBPlaW16trFJKquXQpfqdoe1Ui-0-54a446e9a4aa1e171df7144bcf4a8388)
图3-87 “圆心、直径”画圆
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_343.jpg?sign=1738914910-ATiESilIHPeJoTHCUzETi4QJPUL6tmRy-0-28e11415b868dabbe412509454b3536a)
图3-88 绘制结果(1)
选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“圆”→“相切、相切、半径”命令,绘制与大圆和小圆都相切的圆,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_345.jpg?sign=1738914910-snqaEhBbUHi5F4Vx8oYnYhxWIl0bcoRB-0-1654f3c27616176806c5f9e6cff9c882)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_346.jpg?sign=1738914910-F747Pvt1aJVOGWuSZ65OQ26yr4Ksov8r-0-93fad5da94d799700238a81175fd9eb8)
图3-89 拾取大圆
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_347.jpg?sign=1738914910-U2FCjk7w0T0nlCiK0qNJM8k0ubyPaje2-0-713ebf6a9a224978ee9462de8116a533)
图3-90 拾取小圆
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_348.jpg?sign=1738914910-lGtWt9j0uDRspKbpFor4mRtsJ6i1DAyd-0-8ba2a303043da3b0263e707a215e52a1)
图3-91 绘制结果(2)
重复执行“相切、相切、半径”命令,绘制上端的相切圆,相切圆半径为10,绘制结果如图3-92所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_350.jpg?sign=1738914910-3JaBQue0kjJdLuAmDGvhUYNx2H7sKw0Y-0-8dc80df285aa9832e486c9bc0670507e)
图3-92 绘制相切圆
选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“修剪”命令,以直径为20和直径为10的三个圆作为修剪边界,对两个相切圆进行修剪,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_352.jpg?sign=1738914910-q72bmRdhAsY1l0r982wq7Rj5Wo7GgrZf-0-55d642ab37c524c18436021f2e62d599)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_353.jpg?sign=1738914910-Qt1426f7nA1LeeXht6l2M9BkbbL02qGj-0-692d170e4565dc94c292a3d06281ebcb)
图3-93 选择修剪边界
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_354.jpg?sign=1738914910-jJgjRZsuNP3V4XjIybyxK0VAp4WAQJyU-0-c427994d29570186ff631f82a40b1d60)
图3-94 修剪结果
在命令行输入Line并按Enter键,执行“直线”命令,配合切点捕捉功能绘制圆的公切线,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_356.jpg?sign=1738914910-kybj0A25Pbuf51kyMDxEnBJCfu6Tcwyf-0-66a4fd5e025196244aaaa3a18b89d2c0)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_357.jpg?sign=1738914910-iz9iFw15f2JWUC6iV5Zw5TLIGvgzV2kh-0-d811b3e2f7279c64bd7ce88246ac9d16)
图3-95 捕捉切点(1)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_358.jpg?sign=1738914910-oz7l5BoXVphY8cOFDksLBuUUOmnEJAKY-0-d3403eaadd1896c946f274919be91d09)
图3-96 捕捉切点(2)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_359.jpg?sign=1738914910-vq2vigSConwe0Bgnm0ZpK4qOpj9RBpCk-0-77a21dbac19e19f091c8f6fdfeee168d)
图3-97 绘制圆的公切线
重复执行第10步,绘制另外两圆的外公切线,结果如图3-98所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_361.jpg?sign=1738914910-ZPwGorOgvKeu8oY5ITR7DkVoBaKEHPPo-0-17ce3cfb232c39903e26c76d8fe3670d)
图3-98 绘制另外两圆的外公切线
单击“默认”选项卡→“绘图”面板→“正多边形”按钮
,执行“正多边形”命令,绘制外接圆半径为4的正八边形,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_364.jpg?sign=1738914910-UOFvZnLnQXaMXeYLOFQrUB5qd7lxIObQ-0-bdeb79b596b4d98896ae110f7b735307)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_365.jpg?sign=1738914910-04DoJxFrCMDywN7nCFGksMV11ss7EGag-0-0742ddfb15de1231156b7d776c41045c)
图3-99 绘制正八边形
重复执行第12步,以下侧小圆的圆心作为中心点,绘制外接圆半径为4的正八边形,绘制结果如图3-100所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_367.jpg?sign=1738914910-t607HaFZLleyblvhRTCwV027yXwpVfrE-0-b636131de247b8b35fa5419df5c41240)
图3-100 绘制结果
选择菜单栏中的“标注”→“标注样式”命令,修改当前标注样式的圆心标记参数,如图3-101所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_369.jpg?sign=1738914910-TFravQYx4FFx7FwBFAleP1TjCCKnmhMD-0-ce33f8fac0802bb24281901ab1147a1c)
图3-101 设置圆心标记参数
选择菜单栏中的“标注”→“圆心标记”命令,分别标注直径为20、10、10的三个圆的圆心标记,结果如图3-102所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_371.jpg?sign=1738914910-g9k19C0nvVRWrZOmJjoSgjNNhkejhdHS-0-30f7ac3dfa8ee9bd6ccbdb6ab87ebf7e)
图3-102 标注结果
单击“快速访问”工具栏→“保存”按钮
,将图形另存为“上机实训一.dwg”。